The Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is not only one of the greatest wonders of the world, but it's also a testament to the remarkable ingenuity of ancient civilization. This massive architectural feat, stretching over 21,196 kilometers from east to west of China, traverses various terrains, from mountain ranges and grasslands to deserts and plateaus.
The Great Wall was built for defense against invasions by various nomadic groups. Several walls were built as early as the 7th century BC, which later on joined together and made bigger and stronger, are now collectively referred to as the Great Wall. The most famous part of the Wall was built by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, to protect his empire against invasions.
Despite its purpose as a military defense, the Wall is steeped in rich history and mythology. Walking on the Great Wall is like walking through history itself. Along the way, you can enjoy varied landscapes, including mountains, plateaus, and deserts and a wide array of flora and fauna.
Today, parts of the Wall are in ruins or have even disappeared. However, it continues to be an enduring symbol of China's historical resilience and is a must-see for visitors to the country. Exploring the Great Wall, one of the most impressive architectural feats in history, allows visitors to step back in time and marvel at the ancient defensive architecture, enjoy the panoramic landscapes and experience a significant part of China's cultural heritage.
Forbidden City in Beijing
The Forbidden City, known as the Palace Museum today, is a priceless testament to Chinese civilization. Sharing the honor with the likes of Palace of Versailles, Buckingham Palace, the White House, and the Kremlin, the Forbidden City is one of the world's most renowned palaces.
The Forbidden City served as the imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) to the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912). Over 24 emperors reigned over the country for nearly 500 years from this very palace. The construction of the City took fourteen years and required more than a million workers. Covering an area of about 180 acres, it consists of 980 surviving buildings with 8,704 rooms.
The architecture of the City reflects the hierarchical values of Imperial China. Yellow is the dominant color in the Forbidden City as it is the symbol of the royal family. The roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles, decorations in the palace are painted yellow, and even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process.
The layout of the Forbidden City is precisely arranged according to the feudal code of architectural hierarchy, which signifies the supreme power of the emperor. The Forbidden City, with its vast halls, plazas, and intricate palatial systems, is a must-visit spot for understanding China's rich past. Its profound influence in Chinese architecture, culture, and history denotes the central role it has played in the historical narrative of China.
Terracotta Army in Xi'an
The Terracotta Army is an extraordinary archaeological find, with thousands of life-sized model soldiers buried close to the tomb of China's First Emperor, Qin Shi Huang. These detailed figures represent the army that conquered all other Chinese armies in the Warring States period, and they were the decisive factor in forming a united China.
The Terracotta Army was discovered in 1974 by local farmers digging a well. It is thought that the figures were created to accompany the emperor into the afterlife. They are remarkable for their detail and individuality, each one is different, not just in facial features but in clothing, hairstyle, and even the tread of their shoes.
This underground army was not only built to serve the emperor in the afterlife but also to ensure that he remained protected. The Terracotta Army is a significant part of Chinese history.
The excavation site, covering an area of 16,300 square meters, is encapsulated in a modern structure to protect the figures from weather damage. There are three main pits containing the army of around 7,000 figures. Among the many warriors, there are also horses, chariots, and weapons, all painstakingly and realistically reproduced.
The Terracotta Army offers insight into China's first empire's military, cultural, and technological achievements. Listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site, the site is a testament to the creative ingenuity and craftsmanship of ancient China, and a compelling attraction for visitors worldwide.